References

The following resources were used, in part, for the content of this toolkit.

Introduction

• Canadian Institutes of Health Research. (2016). Knowledge Translation at CIHR. Retrieved from https://www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca/e/29418.html.
• CanChild. (2024). Knowledge Translation & Exchange. Retrieved from https://canchild.ca/research-in-practice/kt-implementation-science/knowledge-translation-exchange/.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Simply put: A guide for creating easy-to-understand materials (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11938.
• Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2021). Rapid response: knowledge translation mechanisms to translate evidence into public health policy in emergencies. Retrieved from: https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/342575/WHO-EURO-2021-2719-42477-58997-eng.pdf.
• Kitson, A., Hoon, E., Newbury, J., Wilson, A., & Beilby, J. (2013). Knowledge translation within a population health study: How do you do it? Implementation Science, 8(54).
• McBride, T., Coburn, A., MacKinney, C., Mueller, K., Slifkin, R., & Wakefield, M. (2008). Bridging health research and policy: Effective dissemination strategies. Journal of Public Health Management Practice, 14(2), 150-154.
• Straus, S.E., Tetroe, J.M., & Graham, I.D. (2011). Knowledge translation is the use of knowledge in health care decision making. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 64, 6-10.
• World Health Organization. (2017). IR-Related communications and advocacy. Retrieved from https://adphealth.org/irtoolkit/upload/download/TDR Implementation research toolkit.pdf#page=256.

Elements of Dissemination Products

General Rules of Dissemination

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). CDC clear communication index: a tool for developing and assessing CDC public communication products: user guide. Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/103706.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Simply put: A guide for creating easy-to-understand materials (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11938.
• Gagnon, M.L. (2011). Moving knowledge to action through dissemination and exchange. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 64, 25-31.
• Kitson, A., Hoon, E., Newbury, J., Wilson, A., & Beilby, J. (2013). Knowledge translation within a population health study: How do you do it? Implementation Science, 8(54).
• McBride, T., Coburn, A., MacKinney, C., Mueller, K., Slifkin, R., & Wakefield, M. (2008). Bridging health research and policy: Effective dissemination strategies. Journal of Public Health Management Practice, 14(2), 150-154.
• Pentland, D., Forsyth, K., Maciver, D., Walsh, M., Murray, R., Irvine, L., & Sikora, S. (2011). Key characteristics of knowledge transfer and exchange in healthcare: Integrative literature review. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 67(70), 1408-1425.
• Straus, S.E., Tetroe, J.M., & Graham, I.D. (2011). Knowledge translation is the use of knowledge in health care decision making. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 64, 6-10.

Title

• Elsevier. (2018). Understanding the publishing process: How to publish in scholarly journals. Retrieved from https://researcheracademy.elsevier.com/uploads/2018-04/Understanding%20the%20Publishing%20Process_Apr2018_Web.pdf.
• McBride, T., Coburn, A., MacKinney, C., Mueller, K., Slifkin, R., & Wakefield, M. (2008). Bridging health research and policy: Effective dissemination strategies. Journal of Public Health Management Practice, 14(2), 150-154.
• Opsahl, W., Moulton, P., McEllistrem-Evenson, A., Gabriel, H., & Scurry, A. (2010). A communications toolkit for health researchers. Retrieved from https://www.ruralhealthresearch.org/assets/1167-4790/a-communications-toolkit-for-health-researchers.pdf.
• Galvan, M.C., & Pyrczak, F. (2023). Writing Empirical Research Reports (9^th ed.). Taylor & Francis.

Abstract

• Andrade, C. (2011). How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation. Indian Journal of Psychiatry, 53(2), 172-175.
• Cooper, G., Zagel, A., Nickel, A., & Ortega, H. (2019). A comparison of pediatric traumatic injuries on farms and residences from 2009 to 2014 [sample abstract]. Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jrh.12372.
• Elsevier. (2018). Understanding the publishing process: How to publish in scholarly journals. Retrieved from https://researcheracademy.elsevier.com/uploads/2018-04/Understanding%20the%20Publishing%20Process_Apr2018_Web.pdf.
• Galvan, M.C., & Pyrczak, F. (2023). Writing Empirical Research Reports (9^th ed.). Taylor & Francis.

Standard for Accessible Design (ADA Compliance)

• Adobe. (2024). Create and verify PDF accessibility (Acrobat Pro). Retrieved from https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/create-verify-pdf-accessibility.html.
• Campbell, A., Adams, C., Bradley Montgomery, R., Cooper, M., Kirkpatrick, A. (2024). Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2. Retrieved from https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/.
• International Organization for Standardization. (2014). Document management applications – Electronic document file format enhancement for accessibility – Part 1: Use of ISO 32000-1 (PDF/UA-1). Retrieved from https://www.iso.org/standard/64599.html.
• United States Access Board. (2018). About the Information and Communication Technology Accessibility 508 Standards and 255 Guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.access-board.gov/ict/.
• United States Department of Justice. (2024). Accessibility Statement. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/accessibility/accessibility-statement.
• United States General Services Administration. (2025). Create accessible digital products. Retrieved from https://www.section508.gov/create/.
• United States General Services Administration. (2025). Create accessible PDFs. Retrieved from https://www.section508.gov/create/pdfs/.
• University of Minnesota. (2024). Accessible U. Retrieved from https://accessibility.umn.edu/.
• University of Minnesota. (2025). Welcome to the Disability Resource Center (DRC)! Retrieved from https://disability.umn.edu/.

Dissemination Products

Policy Brief

• Community-based Monitoring System Network Coordinating Team. Guidelines for writing a policy brief. Retrieved from https://www.pep-net.org/sites/pep-net.org/files/typo3doc/pdf/CBMS_country_proj_profiles/Philippines/CBMS_forms/Guidelines_for_Writing_a_Policy_Brief.pdf.
• Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. (2020). Evidence Briefs for Policy. Using the Integrated Knowledge Translation Approach. Guiding Manual. Retrieved from https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/337950/WHO-EURO-2020-1740-41491-56588-eng.pdf.
• Henning-Smith, C., Schroeder, J., Swendener, A., Pick, M., & Lahr, M. (2025). Geographic and Demographic Correlates of Living in Manufactured Homes: Implications for Health. UMN Rural Health Research Center Policy Brief. Retrieved from https://rhrc.umn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/UMN-PB_manufactured-homes_updated-6.30.pdf.
• International Development Research Centre. Toolkit for researchers: How to write a policy brief. Retrieved from https://idrc-crdi.ca/sites/default/files/idrcpolicybrieftoolkit.pdf.
• McBride, T., Coburn, A., MacKinney, C., Mueller, K., Slifkin, R., & Wakefield, M. (2008). Bridging health research and policy: Effective dissemination strategies. Journal of Public Health Management Practice, 14(2), 150-154.

Fact Sheet

• Bergstrom, G. (2018). How to write a fact sheet. Retrieved from https://www.liveabout.com/how-to-write-a-fact-sheet-2295946.
• Center for Rural Health. (2024). Communication tools: Fact sheets. Retrieved from https://ruralhealth.und.edu/communication/factsheets.
• Connecticut Health Policy Project. (2018) Fact sheets and action alerts. In The health advocacy tool box. Retrieved from http://www.cthealthpolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/FACT-SHEETS-AND-ACTION-ALERTS.pdf.
• Work Group for Community Health and Development at the University of Kansas. (2014). Creating fact sheets on local issues. In the community tool box. Retrieved from https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/participation/promoting-interest/fact-sheets/main.

Chartbook

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). Health, United States, Annual Perspective, 2020-2021. Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/122044.
• Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2014). Medicare hospital quality chartbook: Performance report on outcome measures. Retrieved from https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/HospitalQualityInits/Downloads/Medicare-Hospital-Quality-Chartbook-2014.pdf.
• Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (2012). Chronic conditions chartbook: 2012 edition. Retrieved from https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Statistics-Trends-and-Reports/Chronic-Conditions/Downloads/2012Chartbook.pdf.
• Jonk, Y., Milkowski, C., Croll, Z., & Pearson, K. (2023). Ambulance Deserts: Geographic Disparities in the Provision of Ambulance Services [Chartbook]. University of Southern Maine, Muskie School, Maine Rural Health Research Center. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1013&context=ems

PowerPoint Slide Presentation

• Chen, V. (2014). Tips for making effective PowerPoint presentations [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from https://www.ncsl.org/legislative-staff/lscc/tips-for-making-effective-powerpoint-presentations.
• Gale, J. (2018). Strategies to combat the opioid use in rural communities [PowerPoint slides]. (Link no longer available online.)
• Microsoft Office. (2015). Tips for creating and delivering an effective presentation. Retrieved from https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/office/tips-for-creating-and-delivering-an-effective-presentation-f43156b0-20d2-4c51-8345-0c337cefb88b.
• Sieber, T. (2017). 10 PowerPoint tips for preparing a professional presentation. Retrieved from https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/10-tips-for-preparing-a-professional-presentation/.
• Stevenson, J. (2015). How to make an effective, professional research presentation [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from https://www.gvsu.edu/cms4/asset/7766FCF6-D5F9-E186-844DC84F95C2903A/boot_camp_professional_research_presentation.ppt.
• University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Office for Undergraduate Research. (2025). Preparing Effective Presentations. Retrieved from https://our.unc.edu/share/present/preparing-effective-presentations/.

Poster Presentation

• American College of Physicians. (2015). Preparing a poster presentation. Retrieved from https://www.acponline.org/membership/residents/competitions-awards/acp-national-abstract-competitions/guide-to-preparing-for-the-abstract-competition/preparing-a-poster-presentation.
• Carson, P., Dybsand, L., Ulven, J., & Hall, K. (2018). Provider confidence and satisfaction with communication strategies to address vaccine hesitancy. Retrieved from https://ruralhealth.und.edu/assets/1190-5487/dakota-conf-session-4-all-posters.pdf.
• Hess, G., Tosney, K., & Liegel, L. (2015). Creating effective poster presentations: An effective poster. Retrieved from https://sites.google.com/ncsu.edu/effective-posters/posters.
• Morrison, M. (2019). How to create a better research poster in less time (including templates). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1RwJbhkCA58.
• Open Science Foundation. (2019). Better Scientific Poster. Retrieved from https://osf.io/6ua4k/.

Infographic

• Canva. (2019). How designers do it: 15 easy steps to design an infographic from scratch. Retrieved from https://www.canva.com/learn/create-infographics/.
• Hostetter, M. & Klein, S. (2017). In focus: Reimagining rural health care. Retrieved from https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/2017/mar/focus-reimagining-rural-health-care.
• Nediger, M. (2025). How to Make an Infographic in Under 1 Hour. Retrieved from https://venngage.com/blog/how-to-make-an-infographic-in-5-steps/.
• Sanchez, G. (2023). 7 Steps of Transforming Information Into a Clear and Concise Infographic. Retrieved from https://piktochart.com/blog/7-steps-of-transforming-information-into-a-clear-and-concise-infographic/.
• Template.net. (2022). Infographic Sizes. Retrieved from https://images.template.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/Infographic-Sizes.pdf.

Promotional Products

• Canva. (2025). The ultimate guide to create your own flyer design. Retrieved from https://www.canva.com/learn/the-ultimate-guide-to-flyer-design/.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Simply put: A guide for creating easy-to-understand materials (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11938.
• Computer Arts Staff. (2018). Brochure design: 10 top creative tips. Retrieved from https://www.creativebloq.com/graphic-design-tips/how-to-design-a-brochure-123267.
• Opsahl, W., Moulton, P., McEllistrem-Evenson, A., Gabriel, H., & Scurry, A. (2010). A communications toolkit for health researchers. Retrieved from https://www.ruralhealthresearch.org/assets/1167-4790/a-communications-toolkit-for-health-researchers.pdf.

White Paper, Working Paper, Full Report

• Columbia University. (2013). What goes in a final report. Retrieved from http://www.columbia.edu/itc/statistics/w1111/.
• Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2011). Food Security communications toolkit. Retrieved from https://www.fao.org/4/i2195e/i2195e00.htm.
• Galvan, M.C., & Pyrczak, F. (2023). Writing Empirical Research Reports (9^th ed.). Taylor & Francis.
• Marketing Science Institute. (2017). Working paper guidelines. Retrieved from https://thearf-org-unified-admin.s3.amazonaws.com/MSI_WorkingPaper_Guidelines.pdf.
• Mueller, K., Alfero, C., Coburn, A., Lundblad, J., MacKinney, A., McBride, T., & Weigel, P. (2018). Assessing the Unintended Consequences of Health Policy on Rural Populations and Places. Rural Policy Research Institute Health Panel. Retrieved from https://rupri.org/wp-content/uploads/Evaluating-the-Impact-of-Policy-Changes-on-Rural-Populations.pdf.
• Purdue Online Writing Lab. (2025). White paper: Organization and other tips. Retrieved from https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/professional_technical_writing/white_papers/organization_and_other_tips.html.

Journal Article

• Bolin, J.N., Bellamy, G.R., Ferdinand, A.O., Vuong, A.M., Kash, B.A., Schulze, A., & Helduser, J.W. (2015). Rural healthy people 2020: New decade, same challenges. Journal of Rural Health, 31, 326-333.
• Elsevier. (2025). Publication Process. Retrieved from https://researcheracademy.elsevier.com/publication-process.
• Elsevier. (2018). Understanding the Publishing Process: How to publish in scholarly journals. Retrieved from https://researcheracademy.elsevier.com/uploads/2018-04/Understanding%20the%20Publishing%20Process_Apr2018_Web.pdf.
• McBride, T., Coburn, A., MacKinney, C., Mueller, K., Slifkin, R., & Wakefield, M. (2008). Bridging health research and policy: Effective dissemination strategies. Journal of Public Health Management Practice, 14(2), 150-154.
• Murray, R. (2013). Writing for an academic journal: 10 tips. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/blog/2013/sep/06/academic-journal-writing-top-tips.

Modes of Dissemination

Exhibit

• BTWN Exhibits. (2025). 8 Common trade show mistakes (and how to avoid them). Retrieved from https://www.btwnexhibits.com/blog/common-trade-show-mistakes.
• Walling, C. (2025). Cracking the Code. Retrieved from https://www.exhibitoronline.com/topics/article.asp?ID=1496.
• Gibson, J. (2017). 15 trade show booth success tips. Retrieved from https://www.huffpost.com/entry/19-trade-show-booth-succe_b_10066960.
• Thimmesch, M. (2012). 18 hidden rules of trade shows. (Link no longer available online.)
• Webex Events. (2024). 10 creative trade show booth ideas and tips for 2023. (Link no longer available online.)

Press Release

• American Psychological Association. (2020). How to work with the media. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/pubs/authors/working-with-media.
• Associated Press. (2019). The associated press stylebook 2019. New York City, NY: Basic Books.
• Fleishman, H. (2019). How to write a press release. Retrieved from https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/press-release-template-ht.
• Patel, N. (Accessed 2025). The 12 Ironclad Rules for Issuing Press Releases. Retrieved from https://neilpatel.com/blog/ironclad-rules-for-press/.
• Purdue Online Writing Lab. (2025). Writing Press Releases. Retrieved from https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/journalism_and_journalistic_writing/press_releases.html.

Media Interviews

• American Association for the Advancement of Science. (2018). AAAS media interview tips. Retrieved from https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/AAAS_Media_Tips.pdf.
• American Psychological Association. (2020). How to work with the media. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/pubs/authors/working-with-media.
• Associated Press. (2019). The associated press stylebook 2019. New York City, NY: Basic Books.
• Bates Communications Office. (2019). Media interview checklist. Retrieved from https://www.bates.edu/communications-marketing/media-relations/media-interview-checklist/.
• Colorado Nonprofit Association. (2018). Principles & practices for nonprofit excellence in Colorado: Communications toolkit (4th ed.). Retrieved from https://coloradohealth.org/sites/default/files/documents/2018-11/Principles%20%26%20Practices%20for%20Nonprofit%20Excellence%20in%20Colorado.pdf.

Social Media

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). CDC's guide to writing for social media. Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/11828/cdc_11828_DS1.pdf.
• Exploding Topics. (2025). Bluesky User Age, Gender, & Demographics. Retrieved from https://explodingtopics.com/blog/bluesky-users.
• National Association of County & City Health Officials. (2019). Social Media Toolkit: A Primer for Local Health Department PIOs and Communications Professionals. Retrieved from https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/158957.
• Pew Research Center. (2024). Social media fact sheet. Retrieved from https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/fact-sheet/social-media/.

Videos

• Adobe Express. (2025) A guide to video marketing & why it's essential in 2025. Retrieved from https://www.adobe.com/express/learn/blog/video-marketing.
• Christison, C. (2024). 17 Not-So-Secret Social Media Video Tips from Hootsuite's Experts. Retrieved from https://blog.hootsuite.com/social-media-video-tips/.
• Copp, E. (2018). What it takes to create a great social video: A 10-Step guide. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-takes-create-great-social-video-10-step-guide-emily-copp/.
• Evans, K. (2018). 6 tips for creating a video abstract anyone can enjoy. Retrieved from https://crosstalk.cell.com/blog/6-tips-for-creating-a-video-abstract-anyone-can-enjoy.
• Fishman, E. (2016). How long should your next video be? Retrieved from https://wistia.com/learn/marketing/optimal-video-length.
• Gupta, R., Joshi, M., Gupta, L. (2021). An Integrated Guide for Designing Video Abstracts Using Freeware and Their Emerging Role in Academic Research Advancement. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 36(9):e66. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e66.
• IOPscience. (2017). Video abstracts in journal articles. Retrieved from https://publishingsupport.iopscience.iop.org/video-abstracts/.
• Lua, A. (2018). How to create engaging short videos for social media (including 7 excellent examples). Retrieved from https://buffer.com/resources/social-media-videos/.

Last Updated: 9/3/2025