Telehealth

Research Products & Journal Articles

Browse the full list of research publications on this topic completed by the Rural Health Research Centers.

Products – Freely accessible products include policy briefs, fact sheets, full reports, chartbooks, and interactive data websites.

Journal Articles – Articles in peer-reviewed journals may require a subscription or affiliation with a subscribing library. For these publications, Gateway lists the article citation, a brief summary, a link to additional information and access to the full-text of the article, if available.

2023

2022

  • Rural and Urban Pharmacy Presence – Pharmacy Deserts
    Policy Brief
    RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
    Date: 08/2022
    This policy brief continues the RUPRI Center's ongoing examination of the availability of community pharmacies and their provided services in rural areas of the U.S. The brief also provides a deeper analysis of counties with no retail pharmacies (i.e. pharmacy deserts) based on metropolitan/nonmetropolitan locations.

2021

2020

2019

  • Strategic Choice in Developing Telemedicine - Observations From Three Organizations
    Report
    RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
    Date: 12/2019
    Advances in technology have made it easier to provide telemedicine services, but the actual value of telemedicine programs for health systems providing those services or for patients has not been firmly established. This paper explores organizational motivations of three large health systems for incorporating telemedicine patient care services.
  • The Development of Telehealth Laws in the U.S. from 2008 to 2015: A Legal Landscape
    Policy Brief
    Southwest Rural Health Research Center
    Date: 11/2019
    This study examines the scope and evolving nature of telehealth statutes and regulations in the U.S. Our research aims to understand changes in telehealth laws over time (2008-2015), variations in legal frameworks established across the U.S., and the extent that state laws regulate the primary care delivery through the use of telehealth.
  • Emergency Department Telemedicine Consults Decrease Time to Interpret Computed Tomography of the Head in a Multi-Network Cohort
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 11/2019
    This was a study of emergency telemedicine (tele-ED) for stroke care in four tele-ED networks. Tele-ED was associated with decreased time to diagnostic imaging interpretation and time to thrombolytic medication. The effect of tele-ED varied by network, suggesting network characteristics may influence the realized tele-ED benefit for stroke care.
  • Tele-Emergency Behavioral Health in Rural and Underserved Areas
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 11/2019
    This paper describes how two distinct tele-emergency department (ED) behavioral health models address challenges in access and placement for patients in rural and underserved areas presenting to EDs. The notable difference in disposition rates between cases and controls shows the impact each model is having on care practices and processes.
  • Pediatric Tele-Emergency Care: A Study of Two Delivery Models
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 04/2019
    This study describes two tele-emergency programs that provide care to pediatric populations. Qualitative descriptions of the two tele-emergency department (ED) models and key characteristics of the patient populations served by tele-ED are presented. The study informs others about evaluative measures and how tele-ED works in practice.

2018

  • Patterns of Telehealth Use Among Rural Medicaid Beneficiaries
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 10/2018
    This study uses data from the 2011 Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) to examine the prevalence of telehealth use among rural and urban Medicaid beneficiaries, characteristics of telehealth users, types of telehealth services provided, and diagnoses associated with telehealth use.
  • Implementation Strategies for Telestroke: A Qualitative Study of Telestroke Networks in North Carolina
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 09/2018
    Through semi-structured interviews with 24 telestroke representatives, this study examines the adoption decision process and strategies employed during telestroke network development, implementation, and sustainability. We found differences across networks in terms of network structure, quality monitoring, and performance feedback.
  • Telepharmacy Rules and Statutes: A 50-State Survey (Journal Article)
    Journal Article
    RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
    Date: 05/2018
    Peer-reviewed paper identifying state-enacted regulations and legislation authorizing use of community telepharmacy initiatives and describing implications for patients in underserved rural communities. Also provides a table listing states that permit telepharmacy, and pilot programs and waivers that enable telepharmacy initiatives.
  • Telestroke Adoption Among Community Hospitals in North Carolina: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 05/2018
    This study identifies community and hospital characteristics associated with the adoption of telestroke among acute care hospitals in North Carolina.
  • Serum Anion Gap Predicts Lactate Poorly, but May Be Used to Identify Sepsis Patients at Risk for Death: A Cohort Study
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 04/2018
    Our study of 4,159 emergency department patients determined anion gap and serum bicarbonate poorly predict changes in lactate and mortality. In resource-limited settings where lactate is unavailable, anion gap ≥ 20 mEq/L may be used to further risk-stratify patients for ongoing sepsis care, but lactate remains a preferred biomarker.

2017

  • Improving Access to High Quality Sepsis Care in a South Dakota Emergency Telemedicine Network
    Policy Brief
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 08/2017
    This brief describes an implementation initiative designed to increase use of emergency department-based telemedicine consultation for patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. This initiative is the first step of an analysis to estimate the effect of telemedicine on sepsis care and outcomes.
  • Telemedicine Use Decreases Rural Emergency Department Length of Stay for Transferred North Dakota Trauma Patients
    Journal Article
    Rural Telehealth Research Center
    Date: 07/2017
    This article examines the use of telemedicine to help improve care for trauma patients and to try to close the gap between rural and urban outcomes for these patients. The study involved patients treated in critical access hospitals and emergency departments.
  • Telepharmacy Rules and Statutes: A 50-State Survey
    Policy Brief
    RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
    Date: 04/2017
    This is summary analysis reviews administrative rules and legislative statutes governing the practice of telepharmacy in all 50 states. Telepharmacy is specifically authorized in 23 states and 16 states have no rules or legislation authorizing telepharmacy. Other states have pilot programs or waivers that would enable telepharmacy.

2016

2015

  • Hospital Views of Factors Affecting Telemedicine Use
    Policy Brief
    RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
    Date: 04/2015
    This brief expands upon previous research by examining hospital-based use of telemedicine by determining the type of use by hospitals, whether it be providing services as a hub or receiving services as a spoke, and then identifying factors from the hospitals' perspectives that affect use.
  • The Rural Obstetric Workforce in U.S. Hospitals: Challenges and Opportunities
    Journal Article
    University of Minnesota Rural Health Research Center
    Date: 03/2015
    Describes the healthcare and clinician types who are delivering babies in rural hospitals, such as family physicians, general surgeons, obstetricians, and midwives. Discusses the relationship between hospital birth volume and staffing models.

2014

  • Extent of Telehealth Use in Rural and Urban Hospitals
    Policy Brief
    RUPRI Center for Rural Health Policy Analysis
    Date: 04/2014
    This brief provides discussion with statistics on the use of telehealth in rural hospitals and the opportunities telehealth can bring to supporting healthcare in rural communities.

2013

  • Telemental Health in Today's Rural Health System
    Maine Rural Health Research Center
    Date: 12/2013
    This policy brief describes the organizational setting, services provided, and staff used in 53 telemental rural health programs. It also outlines the opportunities and challenges for telemental health in the rural health system.

2009

2008

2006

2002