Rural physician supply has remained relatively stable over the past decade, but its future is threatened by reduced medical student interest in family medicine careers and a declining residency match rate. This 2007 survey of all U.S. family medicine residency programs found that 33 rural programs accounted for over 80% of family medicine training occurring in rural sites, although some urban programs offer rural training tracks. Expansion of rural family medicine training is limited by Medicare graduate medical education funding caps on residency slots, financial hardships facing rural hospitals, and the challenges of creating residency training programs.