Substance abuse

Publications

Alphabetical list. You can also view by publication date.

Availability, Characteristics, and Role of Detoxification Services in Rural Areas
Date: 12 / 2009
Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, Melanie M. Race, John A. Gale
Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
Topic: Substance abuse
Report Number: 41
Few detox providers (n=235) serve rural America; 82% of rural residents live in a county without a detox provider. More than half of all rural detox providers serve patients across a 100 mile radius, making travel distances a barrier to outpatient care. Referral options to substance abuse treatment are limited, especially in isolated rural areas. Analyses are based on a 2008 survey of rural detox facilities conducted by the Maine Rural Health Research Center.
Behavioral Risk Factors Among Rural African Americans (Fact Sheet)
Date: 2003
Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
Topics: African Americans, Health promotion and disease prevention, Substance abuse
Discusses seat belt use, tobacco use, and alcohol use among rural African Americans.
Behavioral Risk Factors Among Rural Hispanics (Fact Sheet)
Date: 2003
Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Hispanics, Substance abuse
Discusses seat belt use, tobacco use, and alcohol use among rural Hispanics.
Distribution of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities Across the Rural - Urban Continuum
Date: 10 / 2007
Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, John A. Gale
Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Health disparities, Health services, Rural statistics and demographics, Substance abuse
Report Number: Working Paper No. 35
Considering recent growth in substance abuse among rural populations and the documented scarcity of rural health resources, this study examines the distribution of substance abuse treatment services across the continuum of rural and urban counties, identifying the type and intensity of services provided. Using the 2004 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services linked to the 2003 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes, we found few substance abuse treatment facilities operating outside of urban and rural adjacent areas and limited availability of intensive services across rural areas. This situation is particularly striking for opioid treatment programs, which are nearly absent in rural areas. The narrow range of services available in rural areas may preclude an individualized treatment approach and long-term follow-up recommended by professional organizations and other experts. The greater proportion of rural-based facilities accepting public payers and providing discounted care may reflect higher rates of uninsurance and underinsurance.
Distribution of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities Across the Rural - Urban Continuum (Research & Policy Brief No. 35B)
Date: 02 / 2008
Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, John A. Gale
Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Health disparities, Health services, Rural statistics and demographics, Substance abuse
This Research & Policy Brief highlights findings from a recent study examining the distribution of substance abuse treatment facilities in rural and urban counties and identifying the type and intensity of services provided. Key findings include:
- Access to substance abuse treatment is limited in rural areas by fewer treatment beds.
- Less populated rural areas contain a small proportion of facilities offering a range of core services and varying levels of outpatient and intensive services.
- Opiod treatment programs are nearly absent in rural areas.
Early Alcohol Use, Rural Residence, and Adulthood Employment
Date: 10 / 2005
Author(s): Michael Mink, Jong-Yi Wang, Kevin J. Bennett, Charity G. Moore, M. Paige Powell, Janice C. Probst
Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Children, Substance abuse
Findings indicate that drinking during youth and early adulthood was common in the early 1980's. Nearly half (47.6%) of respondents reported drinking before age 18, and 55.3% reported binge drinking. Drinking behaviors did not differ significantly between rural and urban residents, and rural youth surveyed in 1979-1983 were as likely as their urban counterparts to start drinking before the age of 18, binge drink before 18, and report that work or school was impacted by drinking.
Few and Far Away: Detoxification Services in Rural Areas (Research & Policy Brief)
Date: 12 / 2009
Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, Melanie M. Race, John A. Gale
Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
Topic: Substance abuse
Based on Working Paper #41: Availability, Characteristics, and Role of Detoxification Services in Rural Areas. Findings: Few rural detox providers exist; 82% of rural residents live in a county without a detox provider. More than half of all rural detox providers serve a 100 mile radius. Travel distances are a barrier to outpatient detox models. Referral options to substance abuse treatment are limited, especially in isolated rural areas.
Heavy And Binge Drinking In Rural America: A Comparison Of Rural And Urban Counties From 1995/1997 Through 1999/2001
Date: 02 / 2005
Author(s): J. Elizabeth Jackson, Mark P. Doescher, L. Gary Hart
Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Substance abuse
Report Number: Working Paper No. 95
Assesses the prevalence of, and recent trends in, alcohol use among adults 18 years and older in rural areas of the United States. It uses a random digit telephone survey method to gather information on alcohol use among adults in 49 states and the District of Columbia that participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The paper finds that heavy drinking was highest and increasing in urban areas, but that binge drinking was greater in rural areas. It recommends tailoring interventions specifically to meet the needs of rural residents. Report available upon request by contacting rhrc@fammed.washington.edu.
Prevalence and Trends in Smoking: A National Rural Study
Date: 2006
Author(s): Mark P. Doescher, J. Elizabeth Jackson, Anthony Jerant, L. Gary Hart
Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Minority health, Substance abuse
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 22(2), 112-118
Reports the results of a study to estimate the prevalence of and recent trends in smoking among adults by type of rural location and by state.
Prevalence And Trends In Smoking: A National Rural Study
Date: 12 / 2003
Author(s): Mark P. Doescher, J. Elizabeth Jackson, Anthony F. Jerant, L. Gary Hart
Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Substance abuse
Report Number: Working Paper No. 85
Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the research showed that the prevalence of smoking between 1994-1996 and 2000-2001 did not change substantially for the United States as a whole. The prevalence of smoking for rural residents decreased by more than 2 percent in six states (CA, CT, MD, NC, TN, UT). However, it increased by 2 percent or more in ten states. Report available on request.
Prevalence of Health Related Behavioral Risk Factors Among Non-Metro Minority Adults
Date: 08 / 2003
Author(s): P. Daniel Patterson, Charity G. Moore, Janice C. Probst, Michael E. Samuels
Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Minority health, Substance abuse
Data on tobacco use, seat belt use, and alcohol consumption among rural minority adults. Includes recommendations and detailed data tables.
Problem Drinking: Rural and Urban Trends in America 1995/97 to 2003
Date: 2006
Author(s): J. Elizabeth Jackson, Mark P. Doescher, L. Gary Hart
Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
Topic: Substance abuse
Citation: Preventive Medicine, 43(2), 122-124
Examines recent trends in heavy and binge drinking in urban counties and three types of rural counties.
PTSD and Substance Use: Unrecognized Sequelae of Bioterrorism in Primary Care Providers
Date: 2006
Author(s): Jennie C. I. Tsao, Aram Dobalian, Brenda A. Wiens, Julius A. Gylys, Art Clawson, Robert Brooks
Research center: ORHP-funded Individual Grantees
Topics: Emergency preparedness, Mental health, Public health, Substance abuse
Citation: Southern Medical Journal, 99(8), 817-822
Reports the results of a study that looked at rural primary care providers' knowledge of likely mental disorders, their risk factors, and preferred treatment options following a public health emergency.
Rural and Frontier Mental and Behavioral Health Care: Barriers, Effective Policy Strategies, Best Practices
Date: 2006
Author(s): Donald Sawyer, John Gale, David Lambert
Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Frontier health, Mental health, Substance abuse, Telehealth
Citation: Waite Park, MN: National Association of Rural Mental Health
Discusses barriers to mental and behavioral health service delivery in rural America. Includes model programs and model policy strategies for rural mental and behavioral health care delivery. Also discusses the roles that telehealth and that the State Offices of Rural Health should play in service delivery.
Rural-Urban Difference in Health Care Benefits of Community-Based Sample of At-Risk Drinkers
Date: 2003
Author(s): John C. Fortney, Brenda M. Booth, JoAnn E. Kirchner, Xiaotong Han
Research center: WICHE Center for Rural Mental Health Research
Topic: Substance abuse
Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 19(3), 292-298
Compares the cost-containment strategies used by health plans of insured at-risk drinkers residing in rural and urban areas.
Substance Abuse Among Rural Youth: A Little Meth and a Lot of Booze
Date: 06 / 2007
Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Children, Substance abuse
Research and policy brief examining substance abuse among rural youth, with rural-urban comparisons methamphetamine, oxycontin, and alcohol abuse.
Violence And Rural Teens: Teen Violence, Drug Use, And School-Based Prevention Services In Rural America
Date: 03 / 2005
Author(s): Michael D. Mink, Charity G. Moore, Andy Johnson, Janice C. Probst, Amy Martin
Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Children, Physical abuse and domestic violence, Substance abuse
Describes a study which had three main purposes: (1) to explore the prevalence of violence-related exposures and drug use among rural teens, (2) to investigate the effects of race and gender on the risk of exposure to violence and drug use, and (3) to compare the policies and mental health care services of rural and urban schools. This study found no evidence to support the common assumption that rural youth are protected from exposure to violence. Rural teens are equally or more likely than suburban and urban teens to be exposed to violent activities, including weapons carrying, fighting, fear of violence, and suicide behaviors. Rural teens are at significantly greater risk of using cigarettes, chewing tobacco, crack/cocaine, and steroids than both suburban and urban teens. Of important note is the high prevalence of "crystal-meth" use among rural teens.
Violence and Rural Teens: Teen Violence, Drug Use, and School-Based Prevention Services in Rural America (Fact Sheet)
Date: 2005
Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
Topics: Children, Physical abuse and domestic violence, Substance abuse
Fact sheet covering the key findings from a study of violence and drug use among rural teens.

Topics Centers Researchers Other Resources Search		Substance abuse Publications Alphabetical list. You can also view by publication date. Availability, Characteristics, and Role of Detoxification Services in Rural Areas Date: 12 / 2009 Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, Melanie M. Race, John A. Gale Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center Topic: Substance abuse Report Number: 41 Few detox providers (n=235) serve rural America; 82% of rural residents live in a county without a detox provider. More than half of all rural detox providers serve patients across a 100 mile radius, making travel distances a barrier to outpatient care. Referral options to substance abuse treatment are limited, especially in isolated rural areas. Analyses are based on a 2008 survey of rural detox facilities conducted by the Maine Rural Health Research Center. Behavioral Risk Factors Among Rural African Americans (Fact Sheet) Date: 2003 Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center Topics: African Americans, Health promotion and disease prevention, Substance abuse Discusses seat belt use, tobacco use, and alcohol use among rural African Americans. Behavioral Risk Factors Among Rural Hispanics (Fact Sheet) Date: 2003 Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Hispanics, Substance abuse Discusses seat belt use, tobacco use, and alcohol use among rural Hispanics. Distribution of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities Across the Rural - Urban Continuum Date: 10 / 2007 Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, John A. Gale Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center Topics: Health disparities, Health services, Rural statistics and demographics, Substance abuse Report Number: Working Paper No. 35 Considering recent growth in substance abuse among rural populations and the documented scarcity of rural health resources, this study examines the distribution of substance abuse treatment services across the continuum of rural and urban counties, identifying the type and intensity of services provided. Using the 2004 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services linked to the 2003 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes, we found few substance abuse treatment facilities operating outside of urban and rural adjacent areas and limited availability of intensive services across rural areas. This situation is particularly striking for opioid treatment programs, which are nearly absent in rural areas. The narrow range of services available in rural areas may preclude an individualized treatment approach and long-term follow-up recommended by professional organizations and other experts. The greater proportion of rural-based facilities accepting public payers and providing discounted care may reflect higher rates of uninsurance and underinsurance. Distribution of Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities Across the Rural - Urban Continuum (Research & Policy Brief No. 35B) Date: 02 / 2008 Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, John A. Gale Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center Topics: Health disparities, Health services, Rural statistics and demographics, Substance abuse This Research & Policy Brief highlights findings from a recent study examining the distribution of substance abuse treatment facilities in rural and urban counties and identifying the type and intensity of services provided. Key findings include: Access to substance abuse treatment is limited in rural areas by fewer treatment beds. Less populated rural areas contain a small proportion of facilities offering a range of core services and varying levels of outpatient and intensive services. Opiod treatment programs are nearly absent in rural areas. Early Alcohol Use, Rural Residence, and Adulthood Employment Date: 10 / 2005 Author(s): Michael Mink, Jong-Yi Wang, Kevin J. Bennett, Charity G. Moore, M. Paige Powell, Janice C. Probst Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center Topics: Children, Substance abuse Findings indicate that drinking during youth and early adulthood was common in the early 1980's. Nearly half (47.6%) of respondents reported drinking before age 18, and 55.3% reported binge drinking. Drinking behaviors did not differ significantly between rural and urban residents, and rural youth surveyed in 1979-1983 were as likely as their urban counterparts to start drinking before the age of 18, binge drink before 18, and report that work or school was impacted by drinking. Few and Far Away: Detoxification Services in Rural Areas (Research & Policy Brief) Date: 12 / 2009 Author(s): Jennifer D. Lenardson, Melanie M. Race, John A. Gale Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center Topic: Substance abuse Based on Working Paper #41: Availability, Characteristics, and Role of Detoxification Services in Rural Areas. Findings: Few rural detox providers exist; 82% of rural residents live in a county without a detox provider. More than half of all rural detox providers serve a 100 mile radius. Travel distances are a barrier to outpatient detox models. Referral options to substance abuse treatment are limited, especially in isolated rural areas. Heavy And Binge Drinking In Rural America: A Comparison Of Rural And Urban Counties From 1995/1997 Through 1999/2001 Date: 02 / 2005 Author(s): J. Elizabeth Jackson, Mark P. Doescher, L. Gary Hart Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Substance abuse Report Number: Working Paper No. 95 Assesses the prevalence of, and recent trends in, alcohol use among adults 18 years and older in rural areas of the United States. It uses a random digit telephone survey method to gather information on alcohol use among adults in 49 states and the District of Columbia that participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The paper finds that heavy drinking was highest and increasing in urban areas, but that binge drinking was greater in rural areas. It recommends tailoring interventions specifically to meet the needs of rural residents. Report available upon request by contacting rhrc@fammed.washington.edu. Prevalence and Trends in Smoking: A National Rural Study Date: 2006 Author(s): Mark P. Doescher, J. Elizabeth Jackson, Anthony Jerant, L. Gary Hart Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Minority health, Substance abuse Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 22(2), 112-118 Reports the results of a study to estimate the prevalence of and recent trends in smoking among adults by type of rural location and by state. Prevalence And Trends In Smoking: A National Rural Study Date: 12 / 2003 Author(s): Mark P. Doescher, J. Elizabeth Jackson, Anthony F. Jerant, L. Gary Hart Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Substance abuse Report Number: Working Paper No. 85 Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the research showed that the prevalence of smoking between 1994-1996 and 2000-2001 did not change substantially for the United States as a whole. The prevalence of smoking for rural residents decreased by more than 2 percent in six states (CA, CT, MD, NC, TN, UT). However, it increased by 2 percent or more in ten states. Report available on request. Prevalence of Health Related Behavioral Risk Factors Among Non-Metro Minority Adults Date: 08 / 2003 Author(s): P. Daniel Patterson, Charity G. Moore, Janice C. Probst, Michael E. Samuels Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center Topics: Health promotion and disease prevention, Minority health, Substance abuse Data on tobacco use, seat belt use, and alcohol consumption among rural minority adults. Includes recommendations and detailed data tables. Problem Drinking: Rural and Urban Trends in America 1995/97 to 2003 Date: 2006 Author(s): J. Elizabeth Jackson, Mark P. Doescher, L. Gary Hart Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center Topic: Substance abuse Citation: Preventive Medicine, 43(2), 122-124 Examines recent trends in heavy and binge drinking in urban counties and three types of rural counties. PTSD and Substance Use: Unrecognized Sequelae of Bioterrorism in Primary Care Providers Date: 2006 Author(s): Jennie C. I. Tsao, Aram Dobalian, Brenda A. Wiens, Julius A. Gylys, Art Clawson, Robert Brooks Research center: ORHP-funded Individual Grantees Topics: Emergency preparedness, Mental health, Public health, Substance abuse Citation: Southern Medical Journal, 99(8), 817-822 Reports the results of a study that looked at rural primary care providers' knowledge of likely mental disorders, their risk factors, and preferred treatment options following a public health emergency. Rural and Frontier Mental and Behavioral Health Care: Barriers, Effective Policy Strategies, Best Practices Date: 2006 Author(s): Donald Sawyer, John Gale, David Lambert Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center Topics: Frontier health, Mental health, Substance abuse, Telehealth Citation: Waite Park, MN: National Association of Rural Mental Health Discusses barriers to mental and behavioral health service delivery in rural America. Includes model programs and model policy strategies for rural mental and behavioral health care delivery. Also discusses the roles that telehealth and that the State Offices of Rural Health should play in service delivery. Rural-Urban Difference in Health Care Benefits of Community-Based Sample of At-Risk Drinkers Date: 2003 Author(s): John C. Fortney, Brenda M. Booth, JoAnn E. Kirchner, Xiaotong Han Research center: WICHE Center for Rural Mental Health Research Topic: Substance abuse Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 19(3), 292-298 Compares the cost-containment strategies used by health plans of insured at-risk drinkers residing in rural and urban areas. Substance Abuse Among Rural Youth: A Little Meth and a Lot of Booze Date: 06 / 2007 Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center Topics: Children, Substance abuse Research and policy brief examining substance abuse among rural youth, with rural-urban comparisons methamphetamine, oxycontin, and alcohol abuse. Violence And Rural Teens: Teen Violence, Drug Use, And School-Based Prevention Services In Rural America Date: 03 / 2005 Author(s): Michael D. Mink, Charity G. Moore, Andy Johnson, Janice C. Probst, Amy Martin Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center Topics: Children, Physical abuse and domestic violence, Substance abuse Describes a study which had three main purposes: (1) to explore the prevalence of violence-related exposures and drug use among rural teens, (2) to investigate the effects of race and gender on the risk of exposure to violence and drug use, and (3) to compare the policies and mental health care services of rural and urban schools. This study found no evidence to support the common assumption that rural youth are protected from exposure to violence. Rural teens are equally or more likely than suburban and urban teens to be exposed to violent activities, including weapons carrying, fighting, fear of violence, and suicide behaviors. Rural teens are at significantly greater risk of using cigarettes, chewing tobacco, crack/cocaine, and steroids than both suburban and urban teens. Of important note is the high prevalence of "crystal-meth" use among rural teens. Violence and Rural Teens: Teen Violence, Drug Use, and School-Based Prevention Services in Rural America (Fact Sheet) Date: 2005 Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center Topics: Children, Physical abuse and domestic violence, Substance abuse Fact sheet covering the key findings from a study of violence and drug use among rural teens. Related Topics These related topics also list publications: Mental health (51 items)

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