Children

Publications

Listed by publication date. You can also view these publications alphabetically.

2008

• Chartbook: Dental Health and Access to Care among Rural Children: A National and State Portrait (Executive Summary)
  Author(s): Amy Brock Martin, Eric Wang, Janice Probst, Nathan Hale, and Andrew Johnson
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Dental health, Health disparities, Rural statistics and demographics
  Date: 03 / 2008
  Although children's dental health in the U.S. has improved over recent decades, a subset of children continues to suffer dental disease severe enough to constitute a public health problem. This Chartbook examines dental health status, use of preventive services, and dental insurance among rural and urban children. The Chartbook provides information specific to rural children, and in particular rural minority children, not available in similar detail from other sources. This information can be used at the state level for program planning and assessment.

  A copy of the full report is available through the South Carolina Rural Health Research Center's Online Report Request System at http://rhr.sph.sc.edu/request.htm. You may elect to receive a paper or an electronic copy of the full report. Generally, the requested report will be sent to you via postal mail (paper copy) or email (electronic copy) within one working day.

• Poor Birth Outcome in the Rural United States: 1985-1987 to 1995-1997 (Final Report)
  Author(s): Larson EH, Murowchick E, Hart LG
  Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health disparities, Maternal and child health
  Report Number: Final Report 119
  Date: 02 / 2008
  Rates of low birthweight, poor outcomes, and inadequate prenatal care among urban and rural areas were evaluated and compared from 1985-1997 using data from the Linked Birth-Death Data Set. The study found that while progress was made in closing rural/urban gaps, rural residence and residence in a persistent poverty county remained independent risk factors for inadequate care and some adverse birth outcomes, especially postneonatal mortality.
• Poor Birth Outcome in the Rural United States: 1985-1987 to 1995-1997 (Project Summary)
  Author(s): Larson EH, Murowchick E, Hart LG
  Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health disparities, Maternal and child health
  Report Number: Final Report 119
  Date: 02 / 2008
  Rates of low birthweight, poor outcomes, and inadequate prenatal care among urban and rural areas were evaluated and compared from 1985-1997 using data from the Linked Birth-Death Data Set. The study found that while progress was made in closing rural/urban gaps, rural residence and residence in a persistent poverty county remained independent risk factors for inadequate care and some adverse birth outcomes, especially postneonatal mortality.

2007

• National Trends in the Perinatal and Infant Health of Rural American Indians (AIs) and Alaska Natives (ANs): Have the Disparities Between AI/ANs and Whites Narrowed?
  Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: American Indians and Alaska Natives, Children, Maternal and child health, Minority health, Women
  Date: 09 / 2007
  Brief overview of findings from a study examining trends in prenatal care receipt, low-birthweight rates, neonatal and postneonatal death rates, and cause of death among rural American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) and whites between 1985 and 1997.
• Ambulatory Care Sensitive Condition Hospitalizations Among Rural Children (Brief)
  Author(s): Michelle Casey, Alana Knudson, Michele Burlew, Gestur Davidson
  Research center: Upper Midwest Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Chronic diseases and conditions, Hospice and palliative care
  Report Number: Policy Brief
  Date: 06 / 2007
  Reports results from a study examining children's inpatient hospitalizations for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions (ACSCs), rural residence, poverty, health insurance, and physician supply. Admission rates for five conditions were examined: asthma, diabetes short-term complications, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection and perforated appendix.
• Substance Abuse Among Rural Youth: A Little Meth and a Lot of Booze
  Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Substance abuse
  Date: 06 / 2007
  Research and policy brief examining substance abuse among rural youth, with rural-urban comparisons methamphetamine, oxycontin, and alcohol abuse.
• Overweight and Physical Inactivity among Rural Children Aged 10-17: A National and State Portrait
  Author(s): Jihong Liu, Kevin J. Bennett, Nusrat Harun, Xia Zheng, Janice C. Probst, Russell R. Pate
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Obesity
  Date: 05 / 2007
  Recent studies have found that the tide of child obesity is rising faster in rural communities in several states, including Pennsylvania, New Mexico, Michigan, West Virginia, and North Carolina. This report examines the presence of overweight and obesity among children in both rural and urban settings using the data from a recent national survey, the 2003 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). In 2003, 30.6% of children aged 10-17 years old were overweight, 14.8% of which were obese. Rural children (16.5%) were more likely to be obese than urban children (14.4%). Executive summary available online.
• Ambulatory Care Sensitive Condition Hospitalizations Among Rural Children
  Author(s): Michelle Casey, Alana Knudson, Michele Burlew, Gestur Davidson
  Research center: Upper Midwest Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Chronic diseases and conditions, Hospitals and clinics
  Report Number: Working Paper No. 4
  Date: 02 / 2007
  Ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) are conditions for which inpatient hospital admissions could potentially be avoided through better outpatient care. Using hospital inpatient discharge data from six states, this study examined the relationships between children’s inpatient hospitalizations for ACSCs, rural residence, poverty, health insurance, and physician supply. Admission rates for five conditions were examined: asthma, diabetes short-term complications, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infection and perforated appendix. Hospitalization rates for four of the five conditions are significantly higher for children living in rural areas than in urban areas. Condition-specific ACSC hospitalization rates for children also vary significantly across states, even after adjusting for rurality, poverty, uninsurance, and physician supply.
• Rural/Urban Differences in Barriers to and Burden of Care for Children With Special Health Care Needs
  Author(s): Asheley Cockrell Skinner, Rebecca T. Slifkin
  Research center: North Carolina Rural Health Research and Policy Analysis Center
  Topics: Children, Disabilities
  Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 23(2), 150-157
  Date: 2007
  Examines the barriers and difficulties experienced by rural families of children with special health care needs in caring for their children. Covers rural-urban differences in types of providers used, reasons for unmet health care needs, insurance and financial difficulties encountered, and the family burden of providing the child's medical care.
• Overweight and Physical Inactivity among Rural Children Aged 10-17: A National and State Portrait (Fact Sheet)
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Obesity
  Date: 2007
  Brief overview obesity and overweight, physical activity, and weight-related behaviors among rural and urban children.

2006

• Premium Assistance Programs for Low Income Families: How Well Does it Work in Rural Areas?
  Author(s): Pam Silberman, Laura Brogan, Charity Moore, Rebecca Slifkin
  Research center: North Carolina Rural Health Research and Policy Analysis Center
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Medicaid and S-CHIP, Poverty
  Report Number: Working Paper No. 85
  Date: 01 / 2006
  Reports results of a study on the viability in rural areas of premium assistance programs use Medicaid or State Children's Health Insurance (SCHIP) funding to subsidize the premium costs of employer-sponsored insurance or private non-group policies for eligible individuals. Because of the characteristics of rural residents and their employment markets, many stand to benefit from premium assistance programs, but there are also reasons to believe that these programs may be less successful in rural communities. Findings form the telephone survey of Medicaid or SCHIP officials in 14 of the 16 states with at least one premium assistance program indicate that premium assistance programs have not lived up to their potential. Enrollment in most of the states' programs has been small, and while positive in concept, these programs have inherent limitations that may preclude more widespread enrollment. Of particular concern is that rural residents are more likely to work for small employers who do not offer health insurance or have higher premiums or less comprehensive benefits. However, with creative program design, premium assistance programs may be a useful tool for states to expand health insurance coverage to the rural uninsured.
• Effect of Rural Residence On Dental Unmet Need for Children With Special Health Care Needs
  Author(s): Asheley Cockrell Skinner, Rebecca T. Slifkin, Michelle L. Mayer
  Research center: North Carolina Rural Health Research and Policy Analysis Center
  Topics: Children, Dental health, Disabilities
  Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 22(1), 36-42
  Date: 2006
  Unmet need for dental care is the most prevalent unmet health care need among children with special health care needs (CSHCN), even though these children are at a greater risk for dental problems. The combination of rural residence and special health care needs may leave rural CSHCN particularly vulnerable to high levels of unmet dental needs. Rural CSHCN are more likely to forgo needed dental care than their urban counterparts. Results suggest that rural CSHCN have unmet needs for dental care due to both difficulty accessing care and because their parents do not recognize a need.

2005

• Rural and Urban Parents Report on Access to Health Care for their Children with Medicaid Managed Care
  Author(s): Victoria Freeman, Rebecca Slifkin, Asheley Skinner, Robert Schwartz
  Research center: North Carolina Rural Health Research and Policy Analysis Center
  Topics: Children, Medicaid and S-CHIP
  Report Number: Working Paper No. 84
  Date: 12 / 2005
  There has been little previous research on rural beneficiaries' perspectives on access to care under Medicaid managed care. The study reported here considers the perspective of the rural beneficiary in four states in order to broaden understanding of whether Medicaid managed care programs provide acceptable access to health care services. The study examines access to health care among rural children ages 0-17 who are enrolled in either fully capitated (New Mexico and Washington) or primary care case management (PCCM) Medicaid managed care plans (North Carolina and North Dakota), and compares this access to that of urban beneficiaries. Overall, this study finds that parents of children living in the rural areas who are enrolled in a Medicaid managed care program are almost always able to get the medical care they need. Rural children who are Medicaid enrollees have primary care providers, their parents know how to access care when needed after hours, and although rural children sometimes use the ER, they do not rely on that source of care more than urban parents do. Where barriers to medical care are reported, they are often consistent with those barriers reported for rural residents generally, and do not appear to be related to restrictions from managed care programs. Access to dental services remains a substantial problem, not just for children in rural areas, but for all Medicaid enrollees. 2004
• Early Alcohol Use, Rural Residence, and Adulthood Employment
  Author(s): Michael Mink, Jong-Yi Wang, Kevin J. Bennett, Charity G. Moore, M. Paige Powell, Janice C. Probst
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Substance abuse
  Date: 10 / 2005
  Findings indicate that drinking during youth and early adulthood was common in the early 1980's. Nearly half (47.6%) of respondents reported drinking before age 18, and 55.3% reported binge drinking. Drinking behaviors did not differ significantly between rural and urban residents, and rural youth surveyed in 1979-1983 were as likely as their urban counterparts to start drinking before the age of 18, binge drink before 18, and report that work or school was impacted by drinking. Executive summary available online.
• Trends in Uninsurance among Rural Minority Children
  Author(s): Amy Martin, Janice C. Probst, Charity G. Moore, Daniel Patterson, Keith Elder
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: African Americans, Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Hispanics, Minority health, Poverty
  Date: 10 / 2005
  Disparities in health insurance coverage for both minority and rural children persist, with children who are simultaneously minority race/ethnicity and living in rural areas being particularly disadvantaged. Using twenty-one years of data from the National Health Interview Survey to explore trends in health insurance and health services utilization for children between 1980 and 2001, and focusing on non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic African American, and Hispanic children, the authors found that rural children have been consistently less likely to have insurance than urban children, and minority status adds to the disparity. Several factors consistently influenced the odds that a child would lack health insurance, measured in 1980, 1986, 1994 and 2001. Compared to urban white children, rural white children and Hispanic children, both urban and rural, were more likely to lack insurance. Factors consistently associated with lack of health insurance, such as poverty, low education, and non-parental households, have been more prevalent among minority children since 1979, and remained so in 2001. Rural disadvantages for minority children are marked. Executive summary available online.
• Mental Health Risk Factors, Unmet Needs, and Provider Availability for Rural Children
  Author(s): Charity G. Moore, Michael Mink, Janice C. Probst, Mark Tompkins, Andy Johnson, Shereca Hughley
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Mental health
  Date: 09 / 2005
  The study used the 2001 National Health Interview Survey to assess the prevalence of sub-clinical mental health problems among children, the degree to which children with potential problems use mental health and general providers for these problems, and the degree of unmet need. Key findings include: 1) Nearly 1 of every 4 rural children has a potential mental health problem as derived from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).; 2) Age, sex, family income, parental education, living situation, health insurance status, and previously diagnosed developmental disorder were all associated with sub-clinical mental health problems in children.; 3) Less than 1 out of 5 parents of rural or urban children with sub-clinical mental health problems had seen or talked to a mental health professional about the child in the past 12 months.; and 4) Characteristics associated with mental health care utilization were race/ethnicity, insurance status, level of education in the child's family, living situation, and previous diagnosis of a developmental disorder. Among roughly 2.9 million rural children with a potential mental health problem as defined by the SDQ score, two thirds (68.1%) are living in a HPSA-mental health designated area. This translates to over 1.9 million children with mental health problems but living in areas where very minimal to no resources are available for their care. Executive summary available online.
• Poverty, Stress, and Violent Disagreements in the Home Among Rural Families
  Author(s): Charity G. Moore, Janice C. Probst, Mark Tompkins, Steven Cuffe, Amy B. Martin
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Physical abuse and domestic violence, Poverty
  Date: 08 / 2005
  This study used information from a large, nationally representative telephone survey of households with children, carried out by the National Center for Health Statistics, to explore the prevalence of violent disagreements in the home. "Violent" disagreements are those that involve hitting or throwing, as opposed to heated argument or calm discussion. Poverty and parenting stress also were examined as they are hypothesized to be associated with violent disagreement. Findings from the study showed that rural children, all things held equal, were less likely than urban children to live in households where disagreements are expressed violently. Similarly, rural children were less likely to live in households with high parenting stress or low reported neighborhood trust. Nonetheless, rural practitioners must still be sensitive to the possibility of exposure to violence. Key factors associated with parenting stress, and thus with violent disagreements, are more prevalent in rural areas. Poverty and low-income were more common among rural than urban children, and affected well over half of rural minority children, in particular. Executive summary available online.
• Violence And Rural Teens: Teen Violence, Drug Use, And School-Based Prevention Services In Rural America
  Author(s): Michael D. Mink, Charity G. Moore, Andy Johnson, Janice C. Probst, Amy Martin
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Physical abuse and domestic violence, Substance abuse
  Date: 03 / 2005
  Describes a study which had three main purposes: (1) to explore the prevalence of violence-related exposures and drug use among rural teens, (2) to investigate the effects of race and gender on the risk of exposure to violence and drug use, and (3) to compare the policies and mental health care services of rural and urban schools. This study found no evidence to support the common assumption that rural youth are protected from exposure to violence. Rural teens are equally or more likely than suburban and urban teens to be exposed to violent activities, including weapons carrying, fighting, fear of violence, and suicide behaviors. Rural teens are at significantly greater risk of using cigarettes, chewing tobacco, crack/cocaine, and steroids than both suburban and urban teens. Of important note is the high prevalence of "crystal-meth" use among rural teens. Executive summary available online.
• Violence and Rural Teens: Teen Violence, Drug Use, and School-Based Prevention Services in Rural America (Fact Sheet)
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Physical abuse and domestic violence, Substance abuse
  Date: 2005
  Fact sheet covering the key findings from a study of violence and drug use among rural teens. A full report is also available.
• Mental Health Risk Factors, Unmet Needs, and Provider Availability for Rural Children (Fact Sheet)
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Mental health
  Date: 2005
  Children in rural areas have fewer mental health resources available. To assess the need for services among rural children, they studied information from the 2001 National Health Interview Survey, a nationally representative survey of the U.S. population. Possible mental health problems were identified based on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
• Trends in Uninsurance Among Rural Minority Children (Fact Sheet)
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Minority health
  Date: 2005
  Describes childhood disparities found in health insurance, health care utilization, and factors related to acquiring health insurance.
• Effects of Rural Residence and Other Social Vulnerabilities on Subjective Measures of Unmet Need
  Author(s): Michelle L. Mayer, Rebecca T. Slifkin, Asheley Cockrell Skinner
  Research center: North Carolina Rural Health Research and Policy Analysis Center
  Topics: Children, Disabilities, Health services, Poverty
  Citation: Medical Care Research and Review, 62(5), 617-628
  Date: 2005
  To determine whether self-reports of unmet need are biased measures of access to health care, the authors examined the relationship between rural residence and perceived need for physician services. Logistic regression analyses was performed to examine the likelihood of reporting a need for routine preventive care and/or specialty care using data from the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs. Even after controlling for factors known to be associated with evaluated need, parents of rural children were less likely to report a need for routine or specialty services. Poor children, those whose mothers had less education, and those who were uninsured in the previous year were also less likely to perceive a need for physician services. Findings suggest that rural residence and other social vulnerabilities are associated with decreased perception of need, which may bias subjective measurements of unmet need for these populations.
• Update: Health Insurance and Utilization of Care Among Rural Adolescents
  Author(s): Janice C. Probst, Charity G. Moore, Elizabeth G. Baxley
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured
  Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 21(4), 279-287
  Date: 2005
  Using data from the 1999-2000 National Health Interview Survey, the authors found that across races, rural adolescents were as likely to have insurance but less likely to report a preventive visit than urban children; residence did not affect the likelihood of a visit or a usual source of care. Minority rural adolescents were less likely than whites to be insured, report a visit, or have a usual source of care. The authors conclude that most barriers to care among rural and minority youth are attributable to factors originating outside the health care system, such as language, living situation, caretaker education, and income. A combination of outreach activities and programs to enhance rural schools and economic opportunities will be needed to improve coverage and utilization among adolescents.
• Factors Associated With Incidence of Inappropriate Ambulance Transport in Rural Areas in Cases of Moderate to Severe Head Injury in Children
  Author(s): Dmitri Poltavski, Kyle Muus
  Research center: Upper Midwest Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Emergency medical services (EMS)
  Citation: Journal of Rural Health, 21(3), 272-277
  Date: 2005
  An analysis was conducted to identify a set of significant predictors of cases of inappropriate deliveries to acute care facilities with no trauma-center designation of any level. Greater distance (mean = 19.96 miles) to the nearest trauma center and shorter distance traveled by the ambulance squad to the receiving facility (mean = 19.07 miles) corresponded to higher probabilities of mistriage, especially when a child was Native American (16 times more likely) and the transportation was conducted in the winter (9 times more likely).

2004

• Reducing Mortality from Motor Vehicle Crashes for Children 0 through 14 Years of Age: Success in New York and North Dakota
  Author(s): Victoria Freeman
  Research center: North Carolina Rural Health Research and Policy Analysis Center
  Topic: Children
  Date: 12 / 2004
  Reviews effective interventions to reduce motor vehicle crash mortality among children. Explores what is happening in New York and North Dakota that contributes to their success in being among the best performing states in regard to this measure of child health.
• Rural Minority Children's Access to and Timeliness of Immunizations (Fact Sheet)
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health promotion and disease prevention
  Date: 2004
  Examined whether rural children aged 3-71 months are keeping up with urban children in the receipt of needed vaccinations.
• Assessing the Effect of a Lay Home Visitation Program for Rural High-Risk Women and Infants
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: African Americans, Children, Maternal and child health, Poverty, Women
  Date: 2004
  This pilot study tested a retrospective data set approach for evaluating the effectiveness of a community health worker program at improving pregnancy and birth outcomes. The home visitation program uses lay health workers to provide health education, referral, and social support to rural, low income, Medicaid-insured pregnant African American women and their infants.

2003

• Rural Minority Children's Access To And Timeliness Of Immunizations: 1993-2001
  Author(s): Arch G. Mainous III, Terrence E. Steyer, Mark E. Geesey
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health promotion and disease prevention, Minority health
  Date: 11 / 2003
  The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of pediatric health care provided to rural minorities using timeliness of immunization receipt as a marker for quality. Findings include: 1) Children living in rural areas are less likely to receive newly recommended vaccines within the first two years after introduction of the recommendation.; 2) There are no significant differences in the percentages of children up-to-date with their immunizations between Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics living in urban and rural areas.; 3) By 2001 lack of health insurance was the strongest predictor for children not receiving their immunizations in a timely manner.; 4) When using national surveys, there is significant year-to-year variation in the percentage of children who are up-to-date with their immunizations. Executive summary available online.
• Demand For Medical Services Among Previously Uninsured Children: The Roles of Race and Rurality
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Medicaid and S-CHIP, Minority health
  Date: 2003
  Fact sheet examining the use of medical services over nearly two years among newly insured and continuously insured children, ages six through twelve, in the CHIP and Medicaid programs in South Carolina and West Virginia.
• Rural Minority Children
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Minority health, Rural statistics and demographics
  Date: 2003
  Fact sheet providing data on rural minority children's health insurance coverage, health care use, poverty and education.

2002

• Access to Care among Rural Minorities: Children
  Author(s): Janice C. Probst, Charity Moore, Karin Willert Roof, Elizabeth G. Baxley, Michael E. Samuels
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Minority health, Poverty
  Date: 11 / 2002
  Profiles the characteristics of non-metro children, their health insurance coverage, and their health care visits. Recommends a multi-faceted approach to ensure that non-metro children obtain appropriate levels of health care. Facets including retaining and expanding provision of care to indigent and low-income families, expanding insurance coverage, and addressing rural poverty.
• Access to Care Among Rural Minorities: Children (Appendix - Methods, Data Sources, and Detailed Tables)
  Author(s): Janice C. Probst, Charity Moore, Karin Willert Roof, Elizabeth G. Baxley, Michael E. Samuels
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health disparities, Minority health
  Date: 11 / 2002
  Appendix of report on rural minority children and the factors affecting their health insurance coverage and health services use.
• Demand for Medical Services Among Previously Uninsured Children: The Roles of Race and Rurality
  Research center: South Carolina Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured
  Date: 10 / 2002
  Examined the use of medical services over nearly two years among newly insured and continuously insured children, ages six through twelve, in the CHIP and Medicaid programs in West Virginia and South Carolina. The study focused on the patterns of medical care utilization in the children, and found that there was not a significant change in utilization patterns among newly insured children in general. There were findings that newly insured children illustrated delayed demand and actually used fewer health services initially than their continually insured peers. Executive summary available online.
• Perinatal and Infant Health Among Rural and Urban American Indians/Alaska Natives
  Author(s): Laura-Mae Baldwin, David C. Grossman, Susan Casey, Walter Hollow, Jonathan R. Sugarman, William L. Freeman, L. Gary Hart
  Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: American Indians and Alaska Natives, Children, Maternal and child health, Rural statistics and demographics
  Citation: American Journal of Public Health, 92(9), 1491-1497
  Date: 09 / 2002
  Provides a national profile of rural and urban American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) maternal and infant health.

2001

• Patterns of Health Insurance Coverage Among Rural and Urban Children
  Author(s): Andrew F. Coburn, Timothy McBride, Erika Ziller
  Research center: Maine Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured
  Report Number: Working Paper No. 26
  Date: 11 / 2001
  Assesses differences in the patterns of insurance coverage and uninsured spells among rural and urban children in 20 states. Also examines the implications of those differences for the design and implementation of public insurance programs. Among its findings: Although the average duration of new uninsured spells was shorter among rural than urban children, rural children were more likely to experience protracted spells of uninsurance. Rural children were also more likely than urban children to move between public and private coverage. These findings have important implications for designing insurance expansion programs and outreach strategies to effectively enroll and retain rural children.

1999

• Implementation of the State Children's Health Insurance Program: Outreach, Enrollment, and Provider Participation in Rural Areas (Full Report)
  Author(s): Jennifer L. Dunbar, Harvey I. Sloane, Curt D. Mueller
  Research center: Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Medicaid and S-CHIP, Poverty
  Date: 11 / 1999
  The State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) provides states with an important source of funding for helping low-income, uninsured children overcome financial barriers to medical care. There is considerable interest among federal policy makers and rural advocates that CHIP may be especially important in providing coverage to children living in rural areas. This study qualitatively assesses CHIP outreach, enrollment, and provider issues in Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. For a print copy of publications prior to 2004, please contact the Walsh Center at 301-951-5070.
• Implementation of the State Children's Health Insurance Program: Outreach, Enrollment, and Provider Participation in Rural Areas (Policy Brief)
  Author(s): Jennifer L. Dunbar, Harvey I. Sloane, Curt D. Mueller
  Research center: Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Medicaid and S-CHIP, Poverty
  Date: 11 / 1999
  The State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) provides states with an important source of funding for helping low-income, uninsured children overcome financial barriers to medical care. This policy analysis brief assesses CHIP outreach, enrollment, and provider issues in Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. For a print copy of publications prior to 2004, please contact the Walsh Center at 301-951-5070.

1998

• Anticipating the 1997 State Children's Health Insurance Program: What's Current in Five Rural States?
  Author(s): Jennifer Dunbar, Curt Mueller
  Research center: Walsh Center for Rural Health Analysis
  Topics: Children, Health insurance and the uninsured, Medicaid and S-CHIP, Poverty
  Date: 01 / 1998
  This study examines aspects of of existing children's health insurance or health services to low-income, uninsured children. For a print copy of publications prior to 2004, please contact the Walsh Center at 301-951-5070.

1997

• Access to Maternity Care in Rural Washington: Its Effect on Neonatal Outcomes and Resource Use
  Author(s): Thomas S. Nesbitt, Eric H. Larson Roger A. Rosenblatt, L Gary Hart
  Research center: WWAMI Rural Health Research Center
  Topics: Children, Health services, Maternal and child health
  Citation: American Journal of Public Health, 87(1), 85-90
  Date: 01 / 1997
  Compares birth outcomes for areas with poor health care access to those with adequate health care access in rural Washington state.

Related Topics

These related topics also list publications:

• Maternal and child health (14 items)
• Medicaid and S-CHIP (21 items)